Printing with mordant dyestuffs



Patented Sept. 14, 1937 UNITED STATES 2,093,377 PRINTING WITH MORDANT DYESTUFFS-l Heinrich Werdenberg, Neu-Allschwil, near Basel, Switzerland, assignor to the firm Durand & Iluguenin S. 5., Basel, Switzerland No Drawing. .Application March 16, 1934, Serial No. 716,001. In Germany March 20, 1933 30laims.

It is known that in printing natural or artificial silks with chrome dyestuii's the printed parts of the material acquire an undesired harsh feel and the lustre of the fibre is much diminished. These effects appear to be due in some cases to the fact that certain thickening agents undergo coagulation; with the chrome mordant (chrome acetate) this is particularly so in the case of gum thickening, which otherwise is especially well suited for printing on silk. The aforesaid disadvantage is present not only in printing on silk or artificial silk, but under some circumstances. and in a smaller degree also in printing on other fibres such as wool, wool-like material and cotton. For the latter fibre for instance arabic gum thickening would be well suited for handprinting as this thickening matter gives very sharp prints even in the finest designs. But up to the present time it has not been possible to use arabic gum thickening and the usual chromium mordant-chromium acetate-in a printing paste, because this latter is not stable (coagulation takes place) and the prints obtained present a harsh feel.

In U. S. Patent No. 1,942,774 there is described a process for printing with chrome dyestuffs on natural silk, wherein the printing paste contains besides the usual ingredients (dyestuif, chromium acetate) urea, a soluble sulphocyanide and an aliphatic poly-alcohol. In this process the soft feeland normal lustre of the printedfibres are retained even when gumthicke'ning is used in-the printing paste.

Whilst this process does indeed yield good results in printing on natural silk, it is less suited for printing on other fibres, such as artificial silk (viscose). On viscose it is possible to produce prints which are satisfactory with respect to the feel and lustre of the printed parts only under certain circumstances, by special, selection of the thickening agent and by using urea without a sulphocyanide.

The aforesaid. processes for chrome printing,

however, arev not fully free front objection on the ground that whilst they are useful in particular instances they do not serve in all cases which come into consideration. Thus they are I not suited for printing on mixed fabrics of different fibres.

This invention is based on the observation that good results, such as soft feel, preservation of the lustre of the fibre and even shades can be obtained in printing with mordant dyestufis on the most varied materials if the printing paste contains cotton printing, when arabic gum thickening is v used.

The invention permits the use of a general printing prescription for a large series of mordant dyestufis which is applicable both for handprinting and printing by machinery and also for the most varied fibres, named above, as well as for all possible mixtures of such fibres.

A further advantage of the present process is a remarkably enhanced stability of the printing pastes accordingly prepared.

The invention provides an improvement of the technique of textile printing which is particularly valuable at the present time, when mixed fabrics play such an important part and when the composition of the fabrics undergoes frequent change at the dictates of fashion.

. It will be understood that the process may be combined with any of the known processes, in which urea is used and that the efiects obtainable by the known processes, such as those described in U. S. Patent No. 1,848,589, may also be attained in the process of the invention.

It will also be understood that the process is useful not only for direct printing, but also with use of dyestufis which are resistant to discharge, for colour discharge printing.

The following examples illustate the invention, the parts being by weight.

Example 1 Total 1000 Natural silk is printed with this printing paste,

dried, steamed for 45 minutes and washed.

Prints are obtained in which the silk retains its soft feel and its lustre, whilst the fastness prop- I cotton or any mixed fabrics composed of these fibres can also be printed with the above printing paste with similar-results- Instead of chromocitronine R any of the following dyestuffs may be used in preparing the printing paste:

Chromocitronine 3R. (similar to Colour Index No. 442, the dyestuil' described in Example 2 of- U. 8. Patent No. 1,815,827),

10 Chromorhodine B (Colour Index No. 762),

Chromazurine D (Colour Index No. 879, dyestuif described in Example 1 of U. 8. Patent No.

Cuba wood extract (Colour Index No. 1232).

.Inall cases the eifects above described are attained. v

' I Example 2 The following printing paste is prepared:

I Parts Modern violet 0 (Colour Index No. 892) 20 Water 336 Acetic acid of 40 per cent strength. 20

v Gum thickening 1:1 800 Chromium lactate containing 14.5 per cent Cra 24 Total 1000 Viscose or a mixed fabric containing viscose is printed with this printing paste, dried,,steamed for 45 minutes, washed and if required scaped.

The lustre and feel of the printed fibre areunobjectionable.

Example 3 The following printing paste is prepared:

. Parts Anthacene brown 8 powder (Colour Index No. 1035) r o Urea 10 Water 352 Carragheen moss thickening 550 Chromium lactate containing 14.5 per cent cm t 48 Total 1000 Artificial silk-or wool is printed with this printing colour, dried and steamed for 45 minutes;

the material is then washed and if required sub- 50 jected to weak. soaping. There are obtained brown prints, the fibres having a soft feel.

Examplef The following printing paste is prepared: Parts A mixture of chromocitronine R. (Colour Index No. 442 and the dyestuif described in Example 2 of U. 8. Patent No.

Urea 50 Water 230 Gum thickening r 600 Chromium acetate solution of 2036. 60

Lactic acid of 50 per cent strength 40 Total I required subjected to weak soaping. The yellow- 5 .brown prints so obtained have a good feel and lustre and the customary 'good' properties of, iastness. 1

' Examples 5 and 6 Printing pastes are prepared as follows:

' Parts Dyestufi' described in Example 2 of U. 8. Patent No. 1,888,903 30. ,Chromazurine D (Colour Index No. 15

879) 30 Water 220 300 Urea 1 130 Furfuryl alcohol 40 Arabic gum thickening 550 550 20 Chromium lactate with 17% Crabs .30 30 Cotton fabrics are printed with these printing pastes, dried, steamed, for 45 minutes and then .25 washed and eventually soaped.

Thus are obtained prints of a soft feeling which are veryvsharp even in the finest designs.

What I claim is: P

1. In steam printingwith chromium mordant t0 dyestuifs on vegetable or animal fibers or fibers of regenerated-cellulose, the process for obviating the formation of a harsh feel, uneven dyeing and loss of luster on the imprinted parts caused by coagulation of the thickener in presence of the ".35 chromium mordant, comprising printingsaid material with a paste containing the mordant dyestuffs, gum arabic thickening, and a chromium mordant containing Cr in the cation, in the presence of a lactate group. 4o 2. In steam printing with chromium mordant dyestuffs on vegetable or animal fibers or fibers of regenerated cellulose, the process for obviating the formation of a harsh-feel, uneven dyeing I and loss of luster on the imprinted parts caused by coagulation of the thickener in presence of the chromium mordant, comprising printing said material with a paste containing the mordant dyestuif, a chromium compound containing Cr in the cation, gum arabic thickening, and lactic 5o acid. I

3. In steam printing with chromium mordant dyestuffs on vegetable or' animal fibers or fibers of regenerated cellulose, the process for obviating the formation of a harsh feel, uneven dyeing and 55 loss of luster-on the imprinted parts caused by coagulation of the thickener in presence of the chromium mordant, comprising printing said material with a paste containingthe mordant dyestuil, chromium lactate and arabic thickenw ing.

HEINRICH 

